High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Drugs of Abuse in Biologic Samples
نویسنده
چکیده
Analyses of drugs of abuse are important for the prediction of and protection from the risk to human health, especially for young people. The use of drugs of abuse is increasing world wide and causing serious social problems. In Japan, abuse of methamphetamine (MP) is the most common and arrests for stimulant drug-related offences totaled 14624 in 2003. Recently, the use of 4,5-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), which is called ecstacy, and 4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is increasing among the young. Although the arrests for MDMA-related offences numbered 256 in 2003, which is very small compared with those for stimulants, the increase in its use among teenagers is serious. MDMA and MDA are used in tablet form, and thus can be easily taken orally, while MP that is mainly taken by injection. For the prediction of and protection from abuse of drugs, simple and sensitive methods for qualitative and quantitative analyses are required. Many chromatographic methods such as thin-layer chromatography, gaschromatography (GC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as immunoassays have been developed. Among these, HPLC has been a secondary choice. However, HPLC essentially can be applied to water-soluble compounds, and thus its use in the forensic and toxicologic fields is increasing rapidly. In this review, HPLC methods developed in the past 5 years and their use in the analyses of stimulantand MDMA-related compounds in biologic samples are described.
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